某三甲医院2005—2011年10097例药品不良反应报告分析

Adverse drug reaction reports in a 3A hospital during 2005—2011:an analysis of 10 097 cases

目的了解某三甲医院药品不良反应(ADR)的发生规律和特点,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法对2005—2011年上报的10 097例ADR分别从患者性别、年龄、ADR分类、可疑药品的药理分类、ADR累及系统或器官及临床表现、药品剂型等方面进行统计、分析。结果 10 097例ADR报告中,各年度上报例数呈上升趋势;其中21岁以下和70岁以上年龄段发生ADR的男性多于女性;抗感染药物引起ADR的比例最高(占32.05%),其次为抗肿瘤药(占29.81%);注射剂型引起的ADR最常见,尤其是化学药品(占86.2%),中药口服剂型导致ADR为30.7%,高于化学药品(12.4%);临床表现以消化系统表现最为常见,占33.38%。结论临床用药应注意抗感染药物的合理使用,减少静脉给药,关注未成年人和70岁以上老年人(尤其是男性)用药安全,以减少或避免ADR的发生。

Objective To investigate and analyze the characteristics of adverse drug reaction（ADR） in a 3A hospital from 2005 to 2011.Methods 10 097 ADR cases reported in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively regarding patients＇sex and age,classification of ADR,pharmacological classification,the form of a drug,systems and organs involved in ADR and its clinical manifestations.Results Numbers of ADR cases were on the rise from 2005 to 2011,males in age of 21 or 70 had higher risk of ADR than females.Anti-infective drugs（32.05%） occupied the highest proportion in ADR,followed by anti-tumor drugs（29.81%）.Powder or injection types of drug were the main forms of drugs which led to ADR,especially in chemical medicine（86.2%）.Oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine had a 30.7% of proportion of ADR which was higher than that in chemical medicine（12.4%）.The major systems involved were alimentary system（33.38%）.Conclusions It is important to concentrate on the rational use of anti-infective drugs,decrease the intravenous route and focus on the characteristics of the juveniles or old people above 70 years old especially males in order to reduce or avoid the occurrence of ADR.