北京世纪城地区学龄前儿童微量元素检测结果分析

Analysis on the test results of microelements for preschoolers in the Century City Area of Beijing

目的通过对北京世纪城地区学龄前儿童末梢全血微量元素含量的检测,了解北京世纪城地区学龄前儿童末梢全血微量元素含量的现状,为保健干预提供依据。方法选取2012年1～12月北京四季青医院儿童保健门诊体检的6～36月龄的4538例婴幼儿为研究对象,其中6～<12月龄组1268例、12～<24月组762例、24～36月组2508例,对所有对象末梢血中铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种元素进行测定和分析。结果北京世纪城地区学龄前儿童缺铁率达41.9%、缺锌率达22.1%、缺钙率达14.6%、缺铜率达9.7%,未见镁缺乏者;各个年龄段中均有锌、铁、钙、铜的缺乏的发生,锌、铁、铜在各年龄段的缺乏差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),钙的缺乏在各年龄段差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);铁缺乏率和锌缺乏率在性别上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他元素缺乏差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在儿童生长发育较快期间,极易发生微量元素的失衡,尤其是锌、铁、钙的缺乏,医疗保健工作者和家长要重视微量元素失衡的综合防治,早干预,早治疗,均衡营养,合理膳食。

Objective To detect the microelements content of peripheral whole blood for preschoolers in the Century City Area of Beijing and to understand the current situation of the microelement content of peripheral whole blood for preschoolers in the Century City Area of Beijing to provide basis for health care intervention. Methods 4538 cases of infants and young children under the age of 6 to 36 months old in the Outpatient Medical Examination Department of Beijing Sijiqing Hospital from January to December, 2012 were selected as the research object, among which, the group of the age from 6 to 〈12 months were 1268 cases, the group of the age between 12 months to 〈24 months old were 762 cases, the group of the age between 24 months to 36 months old were 2508 cases, five elements of the Cop- per, Zinc, Calcium, Magnesium, Ferrum in all objects＇ peripheral blood were determined and analyzed. Results The Ferrum deficiency rate of the preschoolers in the century city area of Beijing was 41.9%, the rate of Zinc deficiency was 22.1%, the rate of Calcium deficiency was 14.6%, the rate of Copper deficiency was 9.7%, there was no magne- sium deficiency; the lack of Zinc, Ferrum, Calcium, Copper happened in all ages, there was a significant difference on the lack of Zinc, Ferrum, Copper in all ages （P 〈 0.05）, there was no significant difference on the lack of Calcium in all ages （P 〉 0.05）; there was a significant unbalance （P 〈 0.05） on the rate of Ferrum deficiency and Zinc deficiency in the gender, there was no significant difference （P 〉 0.05） on the lack of other elements. Conclusion In the period of children＇s fast growth and development, it is easy to happen the unbalance of microelements, especially the lack of Zinc, Ferrum, Calcium, health care workers and parents should pay attention to the comprehensive prevention of the unbalance of microelements, early intervention, early treatment, balanced nutrition and the rational diet.