“异地高考”区域差异性背后的政策逻辑与策略建议

Policy Logic of the Regionally Diverse Policies "Offsite College Entrance Examination"and the Recommendations

目前已经出台的"异地高考"政策呈现出较大的区域差异性。各省在制定这一公共政策时,受到多种因素的影响。高考利益制约政策的公平性,人口压力导致政策选择的保守性,基础教育发展水平影响政策的开放性,制度缺位影响政策执行的有效性,城市本位观影响政策制定的导向性。应当从生态政策学的视角厘清制约异地高考政策的多重因素,从发展主义视角改善流动人口的福利,以跨界治理的模式推动政策落实。

The policies of ＂Offsite College Entrance Examination＂ show distinctly diversities because they were issued by different provincial governments. The policy-making process was influenced by a variety of factors. The interests resulted from ＂Entrance Examination＂ which restricts the fairness of the policy. The population pressures lead to conservative decisions by local authorities. The developmental level of basic education affects the openness of policies. The lack of institution impacts on the effectiveness of the implementations. The city-based viewpoint influences the orienting function to the policies. The recommendations for the diversities and improving the fairness of education are as follows： Firstly, the multiple factors restricting ＂Offsite College Entrance Examination＂ should be clarified from the viewpoint of ecology. Secondly, the welfare of migrate population should be improved from the point of developmentalism. Thirdly, the policy should be implemented in the way of cross-sector administration.