车辆分矩式混合动力系统储能特性

Braking energy recuperation performance of input coupled power-split hydraulic hybrid powertrain

为了提高采用分矩式液压机械传动商用车的燃油经济性,论证该系统应用混合动力驱动的可行性,该文研究分矩式混合动力系统制动能量回收条件和特性,基于功率分流分析法,在Matlab中建立流量分析模型,分析了调速范围内的分流工况、循环工况下的驱动功率流和制动功率流特性,并建立了制动能量回馈过程的转速、流量和转矩约束条件方程,得出了不同工况的制动能量回收特性。获得了不同工况条件下,可满足制动能量回收条件的液压元件相对变量率控制区间。为了验证理论分析结论,搭建了试验台,对分流工况和循环工况制动能量回收特性进行了试验台架验证。研究结果表明:分矩汇速式液压机械传动系统循环工况制动能量回收能力有限,分流工况高效制动能量回收效率较高,应用多段式方案制动能量回收潜力高约60%。研究结果可为制定合理的控制策略和评估系统的综合节油潜力提供参考。

The fuel economy of the heavy-duty vehicles in China is relatively lower than that of advanced technologies in the world, and the fuel consumption of heavy duty commercial vehicles are very high, so energy-saving and advanced powertrain technologies for fleet users are urgently required, especially for the vehicles operating under city driving condition with heavy traffic jams. The power hybrid technologies are thebest solution to improve the efficiency of heavy-duty commercial vehicles. Due to the benefit of high power density, hydraulic hybrid powertrains have more advantages than hybrid electric powertrains, especially under an urban duty cycle. Among all the configurations of hydraulic hybrid, the compound configuration has great energy saving potential. Targeting to improve the fuel economy of commercial vehicles with input couple hydro-mechanical transmissions operating under condition of frequent stop-and-go, the performance of braking energy recovery was examined. Many researches on regenerative braking performance of output couple hydro-mechanical transmissions have been conducted, but less has been reported on input coupled types. However, the input coupled hydro-mechanical transmissions were applied more widely than the output coupled ones. In thepaper, the regenerative braking condition was investigated. When v〉25/3πγ（1＋k/＋）ne, the hybrid powertrainoperating status is the power cycle condtion, and when v〉25/3πγ（1＋k/＋）ne, the hybrid powertrain operating statuscondition, the hydraulic unit 1 and hydraulic unit 2 must be adjusted by the rules of 0〈ε1 0.57 and O〈ε2 1.Under the power cycle condition, if the condition is met, the flow field for braking energy recovery is very small, and the fluid flow is low. Under the power split condition,the hydraulic unit 1 and hydraulic units 2 must be adjusted by the rules of 0.62 ε1 -0.28, -0.15 ε1 0.62 and-1 ε2 -0.5, 0 ε2 1. If braking under the power split condition, the rotary speed of hydraulic unit 1 and hydraulic unit 2 decreased synchronously. In the first stage of braking, hydraulic units 2 acted as a pump. If the torque equation was met, the vehicle speed down to some value, the hydraulic unit 2 will rotate reversely and act as a hydraulic motor. To recovery the braking energy, the hydraulic unit 1 must operate in the reverse direction, acting as a hydraulic motor. To verify the analysis, the bench test for an input coupled hydraulic hybrid transmission was set up, and the braking energy recovery testing was done. The results show that for an input coupled type hydraulic hybrid powertrain, the braking energy recuperation efficiency within a low speed region is fairly low, and within a medium-high speed region, the hydraulic units adjusting areas were two separate parts with an invalid middle zone. From the view of system efficiency, the regenerative braking potential at the high-speed region is higher than at the low speed region. For hybrid system design, the multi-range transmission configurations were strongly recommended.