当代意识形态批判视野下的德国古典哲学——理解齐泽克思想的必要路径

Classical German Philosophy in the Perspective of Ideology Critique

近年来，学界从不同视角展开了对齐泽克思想的研究。但由于齐泽克自身表述的繁杂、晦涩和光怪陆离，对他的研究也很容易或者沦入拉康思想所构筑的细节的陷阱之中，或者纠缠于齐泽克关于大众文化的各色阐释所构筑的解释循环之中，从而忽视了齐泽克作为这个时代的思想者为我们所贡献的最具原创性的思想。在笔者看来，齐泽克的主要理论贡献或可归结为两点：其一，对拉康思想核心内涵的揭示。这一工作往往借助于大众文化的表现形式，从性质上看，这是一个阐释性的、甚至带有一定程度的普及性的工作。其二，对社会意识形态的当代形式的揭示和批判。在犬儒主义意识形态大行其道之时，齐泽克坚持了一种不妥协的理论批判立场，试图探寻一种新的意识形态批判路径。二者相比，后一方面的工作不仅具有更强的理论原创性，而且还具有高度的现实意义，并最终成就了齐泽克在当代激进左派中的重要地位。

The article stresses on an interpretation of classical German philosophy from the perspective of Lacan,which is the key point of 2izek's thought as well.This interpretation includes two perspectives:firstly,to regard Kant's transcendental subject and transcendental object as the same as Lacan's subject referring to empty and object a,which will show that with the theory of thing-in-itself,there is a rupture in Kant's philosophy.Secondly,in order to emphasize the negativity of dialectic,Zizek rethinks about two propositions of Hegel,one is 'Substance is Subject',the other is 'Sprite is bone'.Both of these interpretations stress on non-identities of Classical German philosophy.And it is these non-identities that keep or protect Social antagonism which is very important for radical ideology critique.