4HJL-2型花生联合收获机摘果机构的设计与试验

Design and test of picking mechanism in 4HJL-2 peanut combines

为适应4HJL-2型花生联合收获机摘果作业的要求,该文设计了一种螺旋圆弧面板式摘果机构,并对该4HJL-2型花生联合收获机中螺旋圆弧面板式摘果机构进行研究,通过试验建立了摘果机构参数与各试验指标之间的数学模型,并进行了动平衡和田间试验。结果表明,该螺旋圆弧面板式摘果机构可以对花生进行有效摘果,在最优工作参数:摘果搅龙长度168cm、转速595r/min、面板宽度47cm时摘果率99.25%,破碎率0.234%,生产效率1098.21kg/h,均符合花生摘果机行业标准(NY/T993-2006),满足实际生产要求。研究结果可为花生联合收获机的开发研究提供参考。

Researches on the peanut harvesting machinery started very early in Western developed countries, mostly on peanut planting methods for large area. Farm planting patterns, the configuration of the peanut plants are more of a sprawling type, so the fruit is picked mostly by large efficient machinery, which generally adopts the lay-in picking method. The peanut harvest more segmented harvest method, namely using peanut excavator digging first Digging, pave the air, and then use peanut collecting picker to pick up the fruit, so its peanut collecting picker is relatively advanced. This machine adopts the grate comb-type pick fruit system, using the spring tooth comb grate with strike action, catsup basically be stripped clean; This machine uses the spring tooth, required to have larger overlap between moving and fixed tooth. Cleaning mechanism consists of vibrating screen and fan, the utilization level of stirring dragons and air flow in pipeline connecting the vacuum degree, catsup well to set fruit box. After being set fruit box filled with, through the oil cylinder will set fruit box. Our country is a traditional agricultural country, due to some historical reasons, the study of agricultural machinery started relatively late, so peanut picking fruit machine was developed in recent years, and was only applied in some developed areas Most regions still rely on manual picking fruit. Combined domestic research on the feeding type peanut is still in the initial state, the current research on this unit mainly bears the national ＂1 lth five-year plan＂ science and technology plan project ＂harvest mechanization mining technology research and development and demonstration project＂ extending stations of Henan agricultural machinery technology, has developed 4 HQL - 120 type full feeding peanut combine; Qingdao agricultural university, this thesis studies is developed 4 HQL - 2 digging combined all pull feeding type peanut combine. Pick fruit of existing devices, look from the principle of picking fruit, mainly by picking fruit components and kernels of mutual impact, friction, comb brush and make the peanut handle fracture, in order to increase the rate of picking fruit and productivity, picking fruit components impact strength increases, but can also make catsup and broken rate and loss rate increased substantially. This paper introduced the development of the latest achievements of rural science and technology projects in the field of national ＂the twelfth five-year＂ -the kind of Spiral arc panel mechanism in the 4HJL-2 type Peanuts Picking -up combine Harvest Machine, analyzed the working principle of the innovative design of Fruit-picking of Spiral arc panel mechanism. It determined the picking-fruit stirring dragon length was 168 cm, the picking-fruit stirring dragon rotational speed was 595 r/min and the picking-fruit stirring dragon panel width was 47 cm. Picking fruit body parameters and the test index between the mathematical model was established by experiment, the dynamic balance and the field experiment was also carried out. The results showed that the spiral arc panel effeciency for the peanut picking fruit institution are good at pick fruit. It has many characteristics, such as the fruit-picking rate was very high （up to 99.25%）, the broken rate was very low （up to 0.234%）, the productivity was also very high （up to 1098.21 kg/h）. Through field test in full compliance with the national standards （NY/7502-2002）, it fully met the actual production requirement, laid foundation of the development of peanut combined research.