大落差地下水封油库收发油作业的安全性

Safety of oil loading/unloading operations in underground water-sealing oil storage with significant elevation

大落差地下水封油库进行收发油作业时,地面至洞库的立管易出现不满流及喷溅现象,油流对立管底部的冲击力较大。为此,需要在立管上安装节流板,进油立管安装节流板后,底部所受冲力仅为安装节流板前的20%～34%。基于能量守恒及节流板设计规范,建立了收发油工艺数学模型,计算确定了节流板的位置、厚度、孔数、单孔直径等参数。使用TLNET软件模拟地下水封油库停输再启动过程,分析了收发油管道的瞬态压力变化趋势,当启、停泵时间为2min时,管道沿线最大瞬变压力低于1.9MPa,小于管道设计承压,不会对油库的作业安全造成威胁。

During oil loading/unloading operation, the vertical pipe between ground surface and bottom of underground water-sealed oil storage with significant elevation may subject to spilling and slack flow conditions. If it happens, oil flow may generate significant impacts to the bottom of the vertical pipe. Consequently, it is necessary to equip the feeding vertical pipe with throttling plate, which can reduce impact force up to 20%-34%. Based on energy conservation principles and design codes of throttling plate, mathematical model for oil loading/unloading processes can be established to the determine position, thickness, the number of holes, hole diameters and other parameters related to the throttling plate. In addition, software TLNET can be deployed to simulate the shut-up and restart processes of underground water-sealed oil storage and then to analyze the changes in transient pressures. With the time in pump restart and shut-up at 2 minutes, the maximum transient pressure along the pipeline shall be lower than 1.9 MPa, which is lower than designed pressure-bearing capacity of the pipeline. Consequently, operation safety ofoil storage will not be threatened. （5 Tables, 6 Figures, 6 References）