留茬高度对带状留茬间作农田土壤防风蚀效果的影响

Effects of Stubble Height on Wind Erosion Prevention in Strip Intercropping Farmland with Stubble

针对内蒙古阴山北麓农牧交错带土壤风蚀严重的问题,研究了带状留茬间作的防风蚀效果,通过测定风速、地表粗糙度和土壤风蚀量,揭示不同留茬高度对留茬地和相邻裸露地的防风蚀效果。结果表明,随着留茬高度的增加,作物残茬带近地表风速降低,且留高茬(30cm)效果最明显;随着测定高度的增加,同一留茬高度对风速的降低程度减小。地表粗糙度随留茬高度的增加而增大,留高茬地(30cm)和邻高茬裸地的地表粗糙度分别较对照增加了466.67%和126.98%。土壤风蚀量随留茬高度的增加而减少,留高茬地(30cm)和邻高茬裸地的风蚀量分别较对照减少了90.21%和65.51%。因此,作物残茬既增强了自身带的防风蚀效果,又在一定程度上保护了邻茬裸露带,留茬高度30cm时防风蚀效果最好,对相邻裸露带的保护作用最明显。

The effects of controlling wind erosion by strip intercropping with stubble were studied to solve the problem of serious wind erosion in the ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in the north area of Yinshan Mountains,Inner Mongolia.Through the measurements of the wind,land surface roughness and the amount of wind erosion,the effects of different heights of stubble on controlling wind erosion in stubble field and neighboring bare field were revealed to provide a theoretical basis for controlling wind erosion.Results showed that with the increased stubble height,wind velocity near ground decreased and the effect of high stubble（30cm）was the best.With the increase of measured height,the effect of stubble height on wind velocity decreased.Land surface roughness increased with the increase of stubble height.Compared with the control,the surface roughness in high stubble（30cm）field and neighboring bare field of high stubble increased by 466.67%and 126.98%,respectively.Wind erosion decreased with the increase of stubble height.Compared with the control,the amount of wind erosion in high stubble（30cm）field and neighboring bare field of high stubble decreased by 90.21%and 65.51%,respectively.Crop stubble can enhance not only its effect in controlling wind erosion,but also the protection of neighboring bare field.The effect of high stubble（30cm）on controlling wind erosion was best,and it also had the best protective effect on neighboring bare field.