行政事实行为及其可诉性问题研究

On Administrative Factual Behavior and Their Litigation

行政事实行为是行政主体在执行职务过程中实施的不产生法律效果,但事实上可能会产生一定法律后果并对行政相对人的权利义务产生影响的行政行为。基于"无行政处分即无法律救济"的诉讼原则并囿于"具体行政行为"的限制,我国一直将可能侵害相对人合法权益的行政事实行为排除在行政诉讼范围之外。然而,将行政事实行为纳入行政诉讼的受案范围是行政法学发展的历史趋势,并且国内已经进行了相关尝试和探索。因此,可以从放宽行政诉讼的受案范围和原告资格、增加判决类型以及建立行政事实行为的调解制度等方面构建行政事实行为的诉讼制度。

Administrative factual behavior is one of the administrative behaviors implemented by the administrative organs in process of duty conduct.It would not bring legal effect,but would result in some legal aftereffects and affect the right and obligations of the opposite part.Our country excludes administrative factual behavior from range of administrative procedural law all long time based on the principle that 'no administrative legal behavior,no legal remedy'and limited by 'concrete administrative behavior'.It is a history trend of administrative law that bringing administrative factual behavior into range of administrative procedural law,and there is already some valuable practice and attempt at home.Thus,it is feasible to construct the lawsuit system of administrative factual behavior from broadening the case scope and qualification of the accuser of 'administrative legal behavior',adding judge types and establishing coordinating system for administrative factual behavior.