广东流动女工性病/艾滋病知识现状及需求影响因素分析

Analysis of STD/AIDS related knowledge,service demand and influencing factors among floating women workers in Guangdong province

目的:了解企业流动女工性病/艾滋病知识现状、需求及其影响因素。方法:通过多阶段随机整群抽样调查了中山三个镇区的工厂女工关于性病/艾滋病相关知识知晓情况和宣教服务需求,采用多元线性回归分析知识得分的可能影响因素,非条件Logistic回归分析宣教服务需求的影响因素。结果:该研究共调查2263人,回收有效问卷2082份,对象平均年龄(28.88±7.16)岁,分布在15-45岁间;外出务工平均(9.73±2.43)年。578名未婚对象55.88%曾经与异性有过性行为;采取避孕措施的未婚同居对象42.37%有过避孕失败。性病/艾滋病综合知识平均得分为(52.63±22.05)分,女工的受教育程度显著影响她们的性病/艾滋病知识得分,初中及以上者知识得分明显高于小学及以下者。81.46%对象有接受性病/艾滋病宣教服务的需求,有关性病/艾滋病的预防知识排在需求的第一位。年龄、工龄、婚姻状况、工作类别和住所类别以及现有性病/艾滋病知识状况等因素均影响女工对性病/艾滋病宣教服务的需求意愿。结论:在性与生殖健康宣教服务中加强学校教育阶段的性教育和性病/艾滋病综合防治教育;对社会人群加强安全性行为及相关知识的普及,在提供宣教服务时采取个性化的适宜的服务模式,有助于提高人群性病/艾滋病综合知晓率,改善她们的生殖健康整体水平。

Objective：To analyze STD/AIDS related knowledge,demands and influence factors among floating women workers from factories.Methods：The multistage random cluster sampling survey was conducted in three factories from different districts of Zhongshan.The multiple linear regression analysis and non-conditional Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the collected data.Results：A total of 2 263 women workers were investigated and 2 082 qualified questionnaires were collected.The workers were in average age of 28.88 ±7.16 years old,ranged in 15-45 years old.They had been migrant workers for 9.73±2.43 years on average.55.88% of 578 unmarried workers had permarital sexual life.42.37% of ones with contraception in a trial marriage had experienced contraceptive failure.Their scores averaged 52.63±22.05 for the comprehensive knowledge related to STI/AIDS.Their scores were significantly affected by the workers’ educational level,the higher score with the higher the education of objects.81.46% of objects were in the needs of STD/AIDS education service,with the knowledge of how to prevent it ranked first.The logistic regression showed that age,working years,marital status,type of work or accommodation and their current STD/HIV/AIDS knowledge were major influencing factors of the demand for STD/AIDS propaganda and education services.Conclusion：For sexual and reproductive health education services,the sexual and STI/HIV/AIDS related knowledges should be strengthened during the school education.It will be benefited from the popularization knowledge about safe sexual behaviours and personalized and appropriate service model to improve comprehensive awareness of STD/AIDS for floating people and their overall reproductive health level.