导入白菜型油菜遗传成分拓宽甘蓝型油菜保持系与恢复系间遗传差异的研究

Broaden Genetic Differences between Brassica napus Maintainer Line and Restorer Line by Importing Brassica campestris Genetic Components

以1个白菜型油菜保持系(Ageva)、1个甘蓝型油菜保持系(B31)、2个甘蓝型油菜恢复系(316、562)以及53个由B31与Ageva杂交后回交多代选育的新型甘蓝型油菜保持系(1～53)为材料,利用SSR分子标记技术分析材料的遗传多样性。根据UPGMA方法进行聚类和主成分分析。结果显示,在相似系数为0.586处将57份材料划分为4类,其中B31和1～17、20～26、29～50、52、53聚为第Ⅰ类;第Ⅱ类为18、19、27、28、51;Ageva单独聚为第Ⅲ类;316、562聚为第Ⅳ类,主成分分析的结果与聚类分析基本一致。对材料1～53和B31与316、562的遗传差异进行比较,发现材料1～53与316、562的遗传距离大部分大于B31与316、562的,且1～53中白菜型条带所占比率与1～53和316、562的遗传距离呈显著正相关,表明,向甘蓝型亲本保持系中导入白菜型油菜遗传成分,能增大甘蓝型油菜保持系与恢复系间的遗传差异。

In this study, one of Brassica campestris maintainer line（Ageva）, a maintainer line of Brassica napus （B31）, two B. napus restorer lines （316, 562） and 53 new B. napus maintainer lines developed from the maintainer line intercross of B. napus （B31） and B. campestris （Ageva） were used as the materials to analyze the genetic diversity by SSR molecular markers. Based on the analysis results of UPGMA clustering and principal component, these 57 lines could be divided into four categories with the similarity coefficient of 0. 586 ; B31,1-17,20-26, 29-50, 52 and 53 were clustered into class Ⅰ ; 18,19,27,28 and 51 were clustered into class Ⅱ ; ageva was clusted as class Ⅲ ; 316 and 562 were clustered as class IV. This result was similar with the results of principal component analysis. Genetic differences among 1-53, B31, 316 and 562 were compared and the genetic distances of 316, 562 and 1-53 were mostly greater than the distances of 316, 562 and B31. B. campestris parent bands in new maintainer line 1-53 was positively correlated with the genetic distance of restorer line 316, 562 and new B. napus maintainer line 1-53. This result indicated that the genetic differences between maintainer lines and restorer lines of B. napus could be increased by importing the genetic components from B. campestris to the maintainer lines of B. napus.