温度对紫椴种子萌发及萌发过程中物质转化的影响

Effect of Temperature on Seed Germination and Temperature on Substance Transformation of Stratified Seeds of Tilia amurensis Rupr.

为研究经层积处理解除休眠的紫椴种子适宜萌发的温度条件,及不同温度条件下种子萌发过程中储藏物质的动态变化,开展了紫椴在5种恒温和4种变温下种子的发芽率和发芽指数的研究,并选择萌发最适与最差温度重新进行发芽试验,探讨2种温度对种子萌发过程中储藏物质的转化的影响。结果表明:紫椴种子适宜萌发的恒温条件为10℃和变温条件为15℃/10℃,温度高于20℃时,温度越高,萌发率越低。不同温度下储藏物质转化研究表明,高温下,淀粉酶活性在一定程度上受到抑制,导致种子中的淀粉分解缓慢,可溶性糖和蛋白代谢也受到不同程度的抑制,从而导致种子不能正常萌发。

The suitable temperature conditions on the seed germination and effects of temperature on substance transformation of Tilia amurensis Rupr. seeds during germination were discussed. Germination percentage and germination index was examined in 5 constant temperature and 4 alternating temperature. The effects of two temperature regimes on substance of Tilia amurensis Rupr. seeds during germination were discussed. Results showed that the optimum alternating and constant temperature regimes were 15℃/10℃ and 10℃ respectively under the darkness condition. When the temperature was over 20℃ , the germination percentages decreased. When the stratified seeds germinated over 25℃ , the amylase activity of seed were restrained, the decomposition of starch was slow, and the metabolism of soluble and sugar was restrained, thereby the seeds cold not germinate normally.