半夏类原球茎的诱导及其植株再生研究

Induction of Protocorm-like Bodies and Plant Regeneration of Pinellia ternate (Thunb.) Breit

研究不同外植体和植物激素对半夏类原球茎诱导的影响,并在此基础上建立半夏高频再生体系。以贵州大方‘圆珠’半夏为材料,进行了半夏类原球茎的诱导、分化和驯化移栽技术的试验研究。块茎诱导类原球茎的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.3mg/L,诱导率和增殖倍数分别为86.67%和17.40。叶片和叶柄则采用MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L配比的培养基效果较好,类原球茎诱导率均可达50%以上,最大增殖倍数分别为12.80和8.6。炼苗移栽时,选用直径为0.5cm、根数为9.4个/株、根长为3.71cm左右的组培苗,移栽成活率高且植株生长良好。组培苗移栽基质为园土和珍珠岩体积比1:1最好。在适宜的植物激素配比下,可从合适的半夏外植体上诱导出类原球茎,建立半夏高频再生体系,为半夏的种质资源保存、基因工程育种和药用次生代谢产物的生产等奠定基础。

The influence of different explants and phytohormone on the protocorm-like bodies induction from Pinellia ternate was studied to establish a protocol of a rapid propagation of Pinellia ternate. ‘ Yuanzhu ’ Pinellia ternate of Dafang in Guizhou Province were used as explants to conduct protocrom-like bodies induction, differentiation and domestication transplanting technology test research. The proper protocrom-like bodies ’ induction medium was MS ＋ 6-BA 1.0 mg/L ＋ NAA 0.3 mg/L. Induction rate and the multiplication factor were 86.67% and 17.40. Leaves and petioles formed protocorm-like bodies （above 50%） on the medium of the MS ＋ 6-BA 1.0 mg/L ＋ NAA 0.1 mg/L, and the biggest proliferation multiple was 12.80 and 8.6, respectively. 0.5 cm, 9.4 root number/plant, 3.71 cm root length tissue culture seedlings which has high survival rate and grows well was the best tissue culture seedling for transplanting. The best growth in the matrix was based on the ratio of soil：perlite=1：1（V：V）. Protocorm-like bodies of Pinellia ternate could be induced in the suitable ratio of plant hormones from the right explant and high frequency regeneration system of Pinellia ternate could be established, which laid a foundation for Pinellia ternate germplasm resources conservation, gene engineering breeding, medicinal secondary metabolite production and so on.