台湾与越战--一场充满悖论的历史遭遇

Taiwan and the Vietnam War: A Historical Paradox

1960年代中期,台湾国民党视越战升级为游说美国支持其"反攻大陆"计划的良好时机,通过各种渠道向美国灌输越战是一场"代理人"战争的理念,强调只有对中国大陆发动进攻才能从源头纾缓越战困局,向美国提出"炬光五号"等对大陆的军事进攻计划,希望在华南开辟第二战场。约翰逊政府却力图避免另一场"韩战",屡次拒绝国民党出兵南越的要求。随着越战升级,美国国内对华舆论发生转变,出现"遏制而不孤立"等观点,官方也展示出对北京缓和的姿态。台湾当局千方百计加以阻止,它"绑定"美国的主要方式是在不直接出兵的情况下,对美国在越行动给予支持,以期阻止美国对华政策的可能转变。本可给国民党"反攻大陆"带来一丝曙光的越战,却促成了美国对华政策的新动向。为遏制这种转变,台湾当局又不得不协助美国在越南的行动。这不能不说是历史的悖论。

In the mid-1960s,the KMT authorities in Taiwan saw the escalation of the Vietnam War as a golden opportunity to lobby the U.S.government to support its plans for 'recovering the Mainland.'It made the case to Washington that the Vietnam War was a 'proxy war,'which could only be solved by attacking the Chinese Communist regime.The Johnson administration,however,did not see the issue in these lines.On the contrary,it made very effort to avoid a military confrontation with the PRC.Therefore,it rejected the KMT's proposals against China's Mainland.Paradoxically,the Vietnam War,instead of serving as a possible chance for the KMT to retake the Mainland,led the U.S.government to rethink and adjust its hostile stance against Beijing.On the other hand,the Taiwan authorities sought all possible means to oppose America's alleged 'appeasement.'One of these ways was to work closely with the United States in Vietnam as an ally.