海南居民对高温天气健康风险的感知

A quantitative survey on perceptions of hot temperature health risks among residents in Hainan Province

目的了解海南省居民对高温天气健康风险的感知情况。方法以海南省18周岁以上居民为研究对象,采用自填式问卷在海南省沿海地区的海口市、三亚市、定安县、昌江县进行调查,共回收有效问卷1316份。结果调查对象高温天气健康风险感知度平均得分为(2.95±0.95)分,认为高温天气对自己健康危害几乎没有、较小、一般、较大和很大者分别占7.15%、22.41%、42.86%、23.63%和3.95%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,居住在高温天气频发地区、相关知识了解程度高、健康状况较差、在高温天气中原有疾病加重者、家庭收入低者风险感知度较高,其OR值(95%CI值)分别是1.95(1.33～2.86)、1.91(1.23～2.95)、1.84(1.00～3.37)、3.95(2.99～5.22)、2.99(1.52～5.87)。结论海南省居民对高温天气健康风险感知状况一般,今后应建立有效的高温热浪预警系统,通过适当的风险沟通方式提高公众对高温天气健康风险的感知。

Objective To investigate the residents＇ perceptions of high temperatures risks to health, and explore the related factors. Methods Questionnaires were used to investigate adult residents in Haikou City, Sanya City, Ding＇an County and Changjiang County, 1316 valid questionnaires were collected. Results The mean score of the risk perception in related to high temperatures among the resident was （ 2. 95 ± 0. 95 ）, the percentage of the participants who thought high temperatures was not dangerous at all, somewhat dangerous, dangerous, more dangerous, and very dangerous to the health of oneself was 7. 15%, 22. 41%, 42. 86%, 23.63% and 3.95%, respectively. Higher risk perception in the residents living in high temperatures-prone areas （ OR = 1.95, 95 % CI： 1.33 -2. 86）, the knowledge able about high temperatures （ OR = l . 91, 95% CI ： 1.23-2.95）, poor health （OR=1.84, 95% CI ： 1.00-3.37）, who aggravated of pre-existing illness in hot weather （0R=3.95, 95% CI： 2.99 -5.22） and low income （0R=2.99, 95% CI： 1.52 -5.87）. Con- clusion There is a lack of risk perception to high temperature risks to health among the residents in Hainan Province. We should establish an effective heat health warning system in the future, and improve the perception of the public health risk of high temperatures through effective risk communication methods.