折梁式抽油机的设计原理及评价

The design principle of folding beam-pumping unit and its evaluation

折梁式抽油机是由常规游梁抽油机衍生而来 ,它有一个后伸并下折的游梁 ,废弃了钢丝绳而增加了游梁平衡 ;由于平衡重的多块组合方式 ,使得平衡重很容易得到增减而方便平衡调节。文中分析了折梁式抽油机的设计基础 ,对平衡重、连杆力和净扭矩进行了分析与推导 ,将常规游梁平衡、纯曲柄平衡和曲柄游梁复合平衡与折梁式平衡进行了对比。分析认为 ,折梁式抽油机平衡效果好 ,节能显著 ,适应大型机小泵深抽作业 ,但杆油比小时 ,连杆力会产生较大负值 ,对细长的连杆不利 ;因此在应用中注意选用适合范围 ,才能使折梁式抽油机成为节能型抽油机。

The folding beam-pumping unit is derive from normal beam-pumping unit.This paper shows the basic design principle on the folding beam-pumping unit,analyses the balance weight,connecting rod force and pure torque,and makes some comparison about normal beam balance,pure crank balance and combination beam balance of crank with folding beam balance.Finally,the analysis result indicates that folding beam-pumping units have good results of balance,energy saving,suitability in deep pumping operation with small pump.But the force of connecting rod will result in regative force while using small rod,thus,there may be bad effect on connecting rod.Hence,only selecting reasonable folding beam-pumping unit,can we make it a energy saving unit.