小儿头皮静脉穿刺失败的原因和护理对策

Causes and nursing measures of pediatric scalp vein puncture failure

目的探讨小儿头皮静脉穿刺失败的原因及相应的护理对策以提高穿刺成功率。方法对我院门诊输液室小儿头皮静脉输液的1583例资料进行回顾性分析。结果所有患儿穿刺一次成功1076例,占总病例数的68.0%,2次穿刺成功的382例,占24.1%,穿刺2次以上的125例,占7.9%。共穿刺失败561例次,原因中408例次为患儿及家属因素,337例次为护士自身因素,75例次为环境因素。结论小儿头皮静脉穿刺失败除客观因素外,护士自身因素也具有重要影响,提高护士的自身素质、良好的沟通与治疗环境是提高穿刺成功率的关键。

Objective To discuss the causes and nursing measures of pediatric scalp vein puncture failure. Methods The clinical data of 1583 patients in our hospitalwere selected and analyzed retrospectively. Results 1076 cases of children were once puncture success the proportion was 68.0%. 382 cases were 2 times puncture success and the proportion was 24.1%. 125 cases were more than 2 times puncture success and the proportion was 7.9%. The total failed cases were 561, including 408 cases of children and family members factor, 337 cases of nurse own factor and 75 cases of environmental factor. Conclusions Including objective factors, nurse own factors also have an important impact on pediatric scalp vein puncture failure. Improving own qualities, communication and environment are key factors for increase the success rate.