降低日粮脂肪水平并添加脂肪酶对母猪体况及乳成分的影响

Effects on body condition and milk composition of sows by reducing dietary fat level and adding lipase

本试验旨在研究降低日粮脂肪水平并添加脂肪酶对母猪体况及哺乳期乳成分的影响。试验选取体况、胎次(3～5胎)、前一胎次繁殖性能、预产期均相近的健康新美系原种母猪24头,其中长白、大约克各12头,采用单因子随机分组设计,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复2头猪,长白、大约克各1头。对照组饲喂基础日粮;试验Ⅰ组为基础日粮-1%脂肪粉+0.02%脂肪酶;试验Ⅱ组为基础日粮-1%脂肪粉+0.03%脂肪酶。试验从母猪妊娠第81天开始到仔猪断奶后结束,共分为2个阶段,妊娠后期(33 d)、哺乳期(21 d),其中预饲期5 d。试验结果表明:(1)日粮减少1%脂肪粉并添加0.03%脂肪酶显著提高妊娠母猪背膘增厚(P<0.05);两个试验组泌乳期背膘损失均低于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)添加0.03%脂肪酶组母猪初乳和常乳中乳脂含量均最高,分别较对照组高43.21%(P<0.05)和12.01%(P>0.05)。由此可见,炎热的夏季,在母猪日粮中添加0.03%脂肪酶,以减少1%脂肪粉的使用在对改善母猪体况及乳成分方面是可行的。

This experiment aimed at researching the effect on body condition and milk composition of sows by reducing dietary fat level and adding lipase. A total of 24 healthy New American Department sows including 12 Landraces and 12 Yorkshires were chosen as experimental animals which had a close situation on body condition, parity （3 - 5 parity）, reproductive performance and pre-production period.Single factor randomized block design was used. The experimental pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups,each group had 4 replications which included a Landrace and a Yorkshire respectively.The control group was fed with basal diet,group I and group II were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.02%, 0.03% lipase respectively,at the same time decreased 1% and 2% dietary fat.The experiment began at the 81st day of pregnant period and ended at the weaning day.h was separated into later pregnancy period （33 d） and lactating period （21 d）.And other more 5 d for feeding period was contained.The results of the experiment showed that： （1）the gain back fat gain of sows significantly increased by reducing 1% fat powder and adding 0.03% lipase （P 〈 0.05）.In the terms of back fat losses during the lactating period, the control group was unsignificantly higher than those two experimental groups （P 〉 0.05）. （2）Experiment group 11 had the highest level of butterfat both in colostrum and ordinary milk,which were 43.21% （P 〈 0.05） and 12.01% （P 〉 0.05） higher than those of control group,respectively.Above all,we could draw a conclusion that adding 0.03% lipase and reducing 1% fat powder in the diet was feasible for the sows in hot summer.