中外青少年体质测定标准之力量素质评价指标的比较

Comparative Research on Evaluation Indexes of Strength Quality of Adolescents’ Physical Fitness Standard at Home and Abroad

为完善我国学生体质测定标准中力量素质评价指标的设置,通过文献资料法与比较法,将我国现行《国家学生体质健康标准》的力量素质评价指标同欧、美、非多个国家青少年体质测定标准的力量素质评价指标进行比较研究,结果显示:相对于下肢力量,上肢与腰腹部肌肉力量更被重视;力量素质测定趋于便捷易行,评价指标数较为精简;力量素质评价指标设置差异性较大等。因而,在完善我国力量素质评价指标设置时应注意,注重发展上肢与腰腹背部力量,简化指标数,合理设置选测指标,关注指标设置的差异性等,以期为完善我国力量素质测定乃至整个体质测定标准提供理论参考。

In order to improve the evaluation indexes of strength quality of the physical fitness standard in China,this thesis compares National Student Physical Health Standard in China with that of other countries in Europe,America and Africa with the research methods of literature review and comparison.The results show that there are three main differences.Firstly,the muscle strengths of upper limbs,waist and abdomen are attached greater importance comparing with lower limbs in all the counties.Secondly,these evaluation indexes tend to be simplified and easy to implement.Thirdly,different counties have different standards when they set up these evaluation indexes.Therefore,the following aspects are to be considered when improving the evaluation indexes of strength quality of the physical fitness standard in China：to focus on the muscle strength of upper limbs,waist,abdomen and back,to simplify the indexes and choose indexes rationally,and to pay attention to the differences of physical fitness standards,so as to provide theoretical references to improve the strength quality testing and even the physical fitness standard system.