哈尔滨城市人工林主要树种生长特征比较

Growth Characteristics of Major Tree Species in Urban Forest Plantations of Harbin

以东北林业大学城市林业示范研究基地人工林主要树种(兴安落叶松、樟子松、黑皮油松、白桦、蒙古栎、水曲柳、胡桃楸和黄波椤)为研究对象,采用树干解析法研究不同树种生长特征。结果表明:在研究期内,不同树种胸径、树高和材积总生长量可明显分为3组,其中水曲柳最高,分别达到29.71 cm、20.58 m和0.685 1 m3;胡桃楸和黄波椤较低,分别为13.58 cm、9.67 m、0.054 0 m3和13.32 cm、9.75 m、0.066 5 m3;其他树种居中,分别为17.10～20.47 cm、12.25～16.95 m、0.145 4～0.270 5 m3。不同树种的速生期出现次数、时间和持续长短不同。樟子松早期生长较快,15年生樟子松胸径、树高和材积总生长量分别为10.52 cm、7.9 m和0.038 4 m3,除树高外均明显高于其他树种,15～50年生水曲柳生长优势明显。以上树木尚未达到数量成熟。

The experiment was conducted to study the growth process of DBH,height and volume with the data of the analytical trees from eight mono-cultured plantations（Larix gmelinii,Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica,Pinus tabulaeformis var.mukdensis,Betula platyphylla,Quercus mongolica,Fraxinus mandshurica,Juglans mandshurica and Phellodendron amurense） in the Urban Forestry Demonstration Research Base of Northeast Forestry University in the 1950 s.The growth speed of F.mandshurica is the fastest with DBH,height and volume of 29.71 cm,20.58 m and 0.685 1 m3,respectively.P.amurense and J.mandshurica are the slowest with DBH,height and volume of 13.58 cm,9.67 m,0.054 0 m3 and 13.32 cm,9.75 m,0.066 5 m3,respectively.The rest tree species are in the middle with DBH,height and volume of 17.10-20.48 cm,12.50-16.95 m and 0.145 4-0.270 5 m3,respectively,in comparison with growth process between eight tree species.The numbers,time and duration of fast growing period are different.The early growth process of P.sylvestris var.mongolica is fast with DBH,height and volume of 10.52 cm,7.9 m and 0.038 4 m3 in 15 years old,while F.mandshurica has obvious growth advantages in 15-50 years old.The eight tree species are far from quantity mature stage.