室内养殖松鼠秋季换毛序及新生被毛部分性状

Molting Sequence and Some Traits of Newborn Hairs of Indoor Feeding Sciurus vulgaris manchuricus

为了加深对松鼠东北亚种(Sciurus vulgaris manchuricus)秋季换毛期换毛序、新生被毛生长情况及冬毛鳞片类型的了解,采集2011年9月20日至12月15日在哈尔滨室内人工养殖松鼠雌、雄个体各15只。对于换毛期松鼠的耳部簇毛长度,头部、背中部、臀部的直针毛和绒毛长度及毛根出现无髓样本比例进行测量,同时对冬季背中部的直针毛和绒毛鳞片进行观测。结果表明:①新生被毛完成生长的顺序为臀部—背部—颈部—头部—体侧、后肢—前肢。②秋季换毛期各部位直针毛和绒毛长度、毛根出现无髓样本的比例及耳部簇毛的长度都随着时间的推移而呈递增的趋势。③背中部直针毛各类鳞片长度和所占比例排序由大到小为冠状型+杂波型+规则扁平型、长瓣型、宽杂瓣型、过渡型2、过渡型1、类扁平型;绒毛各类鳞片长度和所占比例排序由大到小为冠状型、长瓣型、过渡型、类扁平型。

An experiment was conducted to understand the molting sequence,growth of newborn coat in the autumn molt and scale type of hair in winter for Sciurus vulgaris manchuricus.Fifteen males and fifteen females of Sciurus vulgaris manchuricus in indoor feeding were sampled from September 20 to December 15.The length of ear hair,newborn coat and medulla absent region in hair root of the straight guard hairs and down hairs in the head,dorsa and buttocks were measured.The hair scale of the straight guard hair and down hairs in the dorsa was observed.The growth sequence of newborn coat is buttocks-dorsa-neck-head-body side and hind legs-fore.In the autumn molting time,the lengths of ear hair,newborn coat and medulla absent region in hair root in the straight guard hairs and down hairs increased gradually.The length and the proportion sequence of different kinds of scale types with the straight guard hairs from central section dorsa is： irregular-wave type＋imbricate typeelongate valve typewide valve typeintergradation type 2intergradation type 1imbricate type.The length and the proportion sequence of different kinds of scale types with the down hairs from central section dorsa is irregular-wave typeelongate valve typeintergradation typeimbricate type.