贵州省水稻主栽品种抗稻曲病性鉴定与评价

Identification and evaluation of resistance of main rice cultivars to rice false smut in Guizhou

【目的】探明贵州省水稻主栽品种对稻曲病的抗性程度,为抗病品种的选择及水稻品种的推广布局提供参考依据。【方法】利用人工培养的稻曲病菌分生孢子悬浮液,采用人工注射穗苞接种的方法对贵州省20个水稻主栽品种进行抗稻曲病性鉴定。【结果】20个品种中对稻曲病抗性最强的是福优102,其发病率为15.40%,平均稻曲球数为0.3粒/穗,综合抗性指数为3.0,抗性综合评价为中抗(MR);其次是T优272,发病率为23.10%,平均每穗病粒数为0.5粒,综合抗性指数为4.1,抗性综合评价为中感(MS);有7个品种表现为感(S),11个品种表现为高感(HS),发病率和平均病粒数最高达86.70%和8.2粒/穗。【结论】目前贵州省水稻主栽品种对稻曲病的抗性水平相对较低,20个参试品种中仅有福优102表现为中抗。在稻曲病常年发生严重的地区,可选择抗性相对较强的福优102种植。

Objective The resistance of main rice cultivars to rice false smut in Guizhou was ascertained to provide references for the selection and layout of rice cultivars in Guizhou Province. Method The disease resistance of 20 cultivars to rice false smut was identified by artificial injection into panicle before flower using cultured conidia suspension. ResultOf the 20 cultivars, Fuyou 102 with moderate resistance （comprehensive resistant index=3.0） was the most resistant （15.40%）, in which the number of rice false smut balls was up to 0.3 per panicle. The second most resistant was Tyou 272 with disease incidence of 23.10% （comprehensive resistant index=4.1）, in which the number of rice false smut balls was up to 0.5 per panicle. Seven cultivars were susceptible （S） and eleven cultivars highly susceptible （HS）, of which the highest disease incidence and the count of rice false smut balls per panicle were up to 86.70% and 8.2, respectively. Conclusion The resistance level of the tested cultivars was relatively low to rice false smut with the exception of Fuyou 102 （moderate resistance）. Thus, Fuyou 102 should be extended in areas seriously hit by rice false smut in Guizhou.