城市住宅区园林植物景观评价

Method of evaluating plant landscape in urban residential area

【目的】进行城市住宅区园林植物景观评价,为城市居民判断园林植物景观质量提供参考依据。【方法】根据住宅区园林植物景观的生态质量、休闲功能、美感效果三大功能构建园林植物景观评价指标体系,应用层次分析法、心理物理学方法以及模糊综合评价法等方法收集定性指标和定量指标数据进行园林植物景观评价,选取昆明市8个住宅小区园林植物景观作为实证对象,对指标权重值、项目层评价以及综合评价进行分析研究。【结果】园林植物总数对评判住宅区室外生态环境质量好与坏起主要作用,而彩色植物丰富度与区域园林植物景观好坏关系不大;从项目层评价来看,浅水湾小区园林植物景观综合质量最高,大树营小区最低;从住宅区综合评价来看,滇池康城、浅水湾、云天化3个住宅小区园林植物景观等级为良好,东华小区、高校小区、月牙塘小区3个住宅小区等级为较好,大树营小区、温泉花园2个住宅小区等级最低。【结论】从园林植物景观生态、功能及美学角度将定性评价与定量评价相结合、采用多种数据收集方法提出了一套比较完整的住宅区园林植物景观评价指标体系,可提高园林植物景观评价的准确性。

Objective The garden plant landscape in urban residential area was evaluated to provide references for urban residents’ judgment on this landscape quality. Method Taking ecological quality, leisure function, and aesthetic effect as indexes, qualitative and quantitative index data of plant landscape in eight communities of Kunming were chosen to study and analyze weight of index value, project evaluation and comprehensive evaluation using the analytic hierarchy process, the psy-chophysical methods and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. ResultThe garden plant sum instead of the color richness mattered most to the outdoor ecological quality. From the perspective of project evaluation, the highest and the lowest score in garden plant landscape comprehensive quality was Qianshuiwan District and Dashuying District, respectively. Regarding residential area comprehensive evaluation, Dianchi-kangcheng District, Qianshuiwan District, and Yuntianhua District were in good category, Donghua District, Gaoxiao District, and Yueyatang District in okay category, and Dashuying District and Wenquan District in the worst one. Conclusion Accurate evaluation index system of landscape ecology, functional and aesthetics was built for assessing plant landscape in urban residential area based on multiple qualitative and quantitative evalu- ation data.