不同节水灌溉技术对香梨地土壤温度的影响

Impact of different water-saving irrigation technologies on soil temperature of pear orchard

通过对新疆巴州灌溉试验站香梨地在不同灌水技术下土壤温度的监测,分析了不同灌水技术下不同土层深度的温度日变化和日变化趋势。分析结果显示：在5 cm土层深度上,环管、小管和微喷分别比对照温度（25.1℃）平均高出2.3℃、0.8℃和1.5℃。各处理温度增幅均在5 cm表层最大,其大小依次为环管〉小管〉微喷〉对照,最大差值分别是5.5℃、5℃、5℃和4℃。各处理在不同生育期均表现出先增大后减小的趋势,且表层5~10cm土层在花期到坐果期增幅大于其它时期,各处理中环管在不同生育期不同深度土层上的温度均值大于其它各处理,小管和微喷在不同的生育期土壤温度有所差异,而对照在各处理不同生育期不同土层深度上均最小。分析结果表明,采用不同的节水灌溉技术均能改善地温。

In order to evaluate impact of different water-saving irrigation technology on soil temperature of pear orchard,temperature diurnal variation and its variation patterns at different soil depth were analyzed by monitoring soil temperature under different irrigation techniques at Bazhou Irrigation Test Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.The study results showed at 5 cm soil depth,the loop,a small tube and microjet had average temperature increase of 2.3℃,0.8℃ and 1.5℃ respectively,compared to the control（25.1℃）.Among the all different treatments,5 cm surface depth soil had the highest temperature increase,order of temperature increase using different irrigation techniques is annular tubesmall pipe flowejectacontrol.The maximum temperature difference are 5.5℃,5℃,5℃ and 4℃.Among all the different treatments in different growth period,soil temperature showed the trend of increased at first and then decreased.At surface 5 cm to 10 cm soil,temperature increasing range at flowering to fruiting period is larger than in other periods.Annular tube irrigation technique gained the highest mean temperature value at different growth stages of different depth of soil.Soil temperature showed difference at different growth stages with small pipe flow and ejecta irrigation techniques.Compared to all the different irrigation techniques,control had the smallest mean soil temperature at different growth period of different soil depth.In conclusion,the analysis showed that applications of all these water-saving irrigation technologies can improve geotemperature.