精河河下游河岸带土壤养分与盐分特征分析

Analysis of soil nutrients and salinity characteristics in riparian zone of downstream of Jinghe River

以艾比湖流域的精河河下游河岸带土壤为研究对象,对不同植被类型覆盖条件下土壤养分与盐分进行测定,通过描述性统计及主成分分析,结果表明:(1)研究区土壤养分整体呈现中等空间变异特征,极差值除速效钾、碱解氮外,其它指标变化较为稳定;土壤盐分变异系数较大,呈现强烈的空间变异特征;(2)土壤养分中,有机质、全钾、碱解氮与主成分1相关性较大,速效钾与主成分2相关性较大,可作为研究区养分状况的特征因子;研究区土壤经养分分级显示,该区域有机质、全钾极为贫乏,碱解氮、速效钾较为贫乏;(3)土壤中的总盐含量与Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、K+与Na+存在极显著的正相关关系;Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl-、K++Na+是研究区盐渍化状况的特征因子;研究区土壤经盐渍化分级为盐土。

To investigate the correlation between soil nutrients and salinity characteristics in Bohe River riparian in Ebinur Lake,total salt content,eight ions content and soil nutrients in different types of vegetation were measured by using correlation analysis and principal component analysis.The results showed that：（1） over all,soil nutrients showed moderate spatial variability,except for potassium and available nitrogen,the other nutrients parameters were stable;The coefficient of variation of soil salinity showed a significant spatial variability;（2） There were obvious correlation between organic matter,total K,available nitrogen and the principal component;There were obvious correlation between potassium and the second principal component;Organic matter,total K,available nitrogen,and potassium could be served as characteristic factors of the soil nutrients study.The results showed,in the research area,organic matter and total K were extremely poor,available nitrogen and potassium were relatively poor by soil nutrient classification standard;（3） There were significant positive correlation between total salt content and contents of Ca2＋、Mg2＋、 Cl-、 K＋＋Na＋;Content of Ca2＋、Mg2＋、Cl-、K＋ and Na＋ were used as characteristics factors of salinization study.By salinization classification standard,soil in the research area was classified as saline.