中国陆栖哺乳动物特有种及其空间分布格局

ENDEMIC TERRESTRIAL MAMMAL SPECIES TO CHINA AND THEIR SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS

在对收集的中国陆栖哺乳动物特有种县级分布资料及生境、海拔信息进行整理并建立特有种空间分布数据库的基础上,应用地理信息系统(GIS)平台,对空间分布数据进行技术处理,研究了中国陆栖哺乳动物特有种的多样性及空间分布格局。统计分析了8目、23科、72属,共计128种中国陆栖哺乳动物特有种,阐述了特有种在县级、省级行政界线及动物区划中的丰富度分布情况,并对其垂直分布格局进行了研究。在充分考虑特有种丰富度分布情况及特有种分布所占国土面积比的基础上,采用克里金插值法(Kriging)对特有种在中国范围内的分布情况进行拟合,确定了6个主要的分布中心,即:藏东南—滇西北横断山区中心、川西邛崃山—大雪山中心、川北—陇南山地中心、秦岭—大巴山中心、巴颜喀拉山—唐古拉山中心、祁连山中心。

The diversity and spatial distribution patterns of endemic terrestrial mammal species in China were analyzed with GIS software using a database of specimen collections and published references which were derived from the county distribution,elevation distribution and the habitat information of theirs.There were 128 endemic terrestrial mammal species in China,belonging to 72 genera,23 families and 8 orders.The species richness distribution and the vertical distribution pattern of endemic species were studied basing on the county,the provincial administrative boundaries and animal division.Considering fully the species richness distribution of endemism and the ratio of their’s areas to China’s terrestrial area,six main centers of endemism were obtained by fitting the national distribution through Kriging method,namely as follow : Southeastern Tibet-Hengduan Shan Mountain Region of Northwest Yunnan,Qionglai Mountains in West Sichuan Province-Great Snow Mountain,Northern Sichuan-South Gansu Province,Qinling-Daba Mountain,Bayan Har Mountains-Tanggula Mountains and Qilian Mountains.