中华绒螯蟹遗传育种研究进展

Research Progresson Geneticsand Breeding of Eriocheirsinensis

中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)是中国淡水渔业的重要组成部分。在近几十年的发展过程中,其人工育苗和养殖业得到了迅速的发展,而且其商业价值也日益增加,已经成为中国水产养殖的支柱产业。经过好几代人的努力,中华绒螯蟹遗传育种研究取得了许多重要成果。为此本研究主要从分子标记、性别调控、抗病育种和家系选育4个方面对中华绒螯蟹近年来的研究进行了总结,并提出了未来中华绒螯蟹育种的主要发展方向以及亟待解决的问题。

Chinese mitten crab （Eriocheir sinensis） is an important part of Chinese freshwater fisheries. In the recent several decades, artificial breeding and breeding industry of the crab has been developed rapidly. As commercial value increasing, the mitten crab culture has been turned into a pillar industry of Chinese aquaculture. Many research achievements of predecessors have been reported on genetics and breeding of the Chinese mitten crab by the efforts of several generations. Thus, this article summarized the major consequents in some studies on molecular markers, sex control, anti-disease breeding and pedigree breeding in Eriocheir -sinensis, and proposed some research prospects and urgent problems of genetics and breeding of the Chinese mitten crab.