小麦三雌蕊近等基因系的主要农艺性状分析

Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits of Wheat Near Isogentic Lines for Three Pistils Character

为充分利用小麦三雌蕊品系的优良性状,全面分析小麦三雌蕊基因pis1对其农艺性状的遗传效应,本研究利用Excel和SPSS软件对小麦三雌蕊近等基因系‘CSTP’、‘CM28TP’、‘MY29TP’和‘NM9TP’及其相应的轮回亲本的主要农艺性状进行了差异性、相关性和聚类分析。结果表明,各近等基因系与其轮回亲本在株高、茎粗、旗叶长、旗叶宽、有效穗数、穗长以及小穗数等7个农艺性状上差异不显著,除CSTP外,其他3个近等基因系的穗粒数明显高于其轮回亲本。但千粒重和小区产量均低于轮回亲本。相关性分析表明,小区产量与千粒重呈极显著正相关。而小区产量和千粒重都与穗粒数呈不显著的正相关,即仅提高穗粒数不能有效的提高产量。因而要利用小麦TP品系进行育种研究,其首要目标是提高千粒重。聚类分析表明,近等基因系与相应的轮回亲本聚在一起,这说明构建的近等基因系是成功的。

In order to fully utilize the fine traits of three pistils line and comprehensive analysis the genetic effects of pis1 gene on the agronomical characters, the main agronomic traits of wheat near isogentic lines, CSTP, CM28TP, MY29TP, NM9TP and their recurrent parents were investigated in this studies. The data were analyzed by Excel and SPSS software. The results showed that there were no obvious difference of plant height, stem diameter, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, effective panicle, spike length and spikelet number among near isogentic lines and their recurrent parents. The grain number per spike in near isogentic lines was superior to their recurrent parents except CSTP. But the 1000-kernel weight and plot yield lower than their recurrent parents. The positive correlation was found that plot yield was very significantly positive correlated with 1000-kernel weight. But the plot yield and 1000-kernel weight were no significant positive correlated with grain number per spike. In other words, it could not efficiently increase the yield only increase grain number per spike. So the priority target was to improve the 1000-kernel weight if use the three pistils line for breeding research. Cluster analysis indicated that the near isogentic lines and their corresponding parent could be classed into the same group. So the near isogentic lines were constructed successfully.