江淮旱地玉米氮肥适宜用量研究

The Optimum Amount of Nitrogen Fertilizer of Maize in Jianghuai Area

为了解施氮量对玉米产量的影响,以‘隆平206’为材料,采用不同的施氮水平处理玉米植株,研究施氮量对玉米产量、穗粒数、千粒重、干物质积累量、收获指数、产出投入比和氮农学效率的影响。结果表明,0、75、150、225、300、375kg/hm2施氮量下玉米产量差异显著,在0～375kg/hm2施氮量范围内,在0～225kg/hm2施氮量阶段,玉米的产量随着施氮量的增加而显著增加,0、75、150、225kg/hm2施氮量水平下的玉米产量分别为7354.0、9462.5、10847.3、11352.6kg/km2;施氮量超过225kg/hm2后,增施氮肥对玉米产量增加影响不显著。施氮量与玉米产量存在线性加平台关系,氮肥用量和玉米产量数学模拟方程为y=23.37x+7475,x<169;y=11426,x>169(R2=0.97**,n=18),江淮旱地的推荐施氮量为169kg/hm2。该研究为江淮地区玉米生产的合理施氮提供了一定的理论参考依据。

In order to investigate the effect of different amount of nitrogen （N） fertilizer on maize, the yield, grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, dry weight, harvest index, the ratio of return on invested, and agronomic N efficiency of corn hybrid‘Longping 206’（Zea mays L.） were analyzed. Results showed that, the yield of maize was significant different under different amount of N （0, 75, 150, 225, 300, 375 kg/hm2）. The yield of maize increased with the augment of N from 0 kg/hm2to 225 kg/hm2. In details, when the plants was applied with 0, 75, 150, 225 kg/hm2, the yield were 7354.0, 9462.5, 10847.3, 11352.6 kg/km2, respectively. However, in contrast to 225 kg/hm2 N, there was no significant increase in yield when the plants were applied with 300 kg/hm2 and 375 kg/hm2. So, the relationship between nitrogen and yield were linear plus plateau. And the mathematical simulation equation was： y=23.37x ＋ 7475, x169 （R2=0.97＊＊, n=18）. Accordingly, the optimum amount of N in Jianghuai area was 169 kg/hm2, which layed a theoretic foundation for reasonable use of nitrogen for maize production in Jianghuai area.