试析卢卡奇与阿多诺的大众文化批判理论及其差异

On Lukacs and Adorno’s Critical Theory of Mass Culture and their Differences

作为西方马克思主义的代表人物,卢卡奇与阿多诺均曾构建过批判资本主义的大众文化的相关理论,对西方左翼思想的发展起到了重大的促进作用。但与此同时,二者也是存在着明显差异的。一般认为,卢卡奇的"物化"理论对于人类的现实活动有着很强的指导意义,但在思想的深刻性上略显不足;而阿多诺的"文化工业"思想虽对于社会现象进行了深入分析,却又与实践较为脱节。总而言之,二者互有优长,各自具备着独特的理论风格。

As representatives of Marxism, Lukacs and Adorno developed their own critical theo- ries about capitalist mass culture, which have played a significant role in promoting the Western left-wing ideology. However, there are some significant differences between their theories. It is generally believed that Lukacs＇s ＂materialization＂ theory has a strong guiding significance to hu- man activities, but it is not profound while Adorno＇s ＂cultural industry＂ is a thorough analysis of social phenomena, but it is out of touch with the practice. In short, both theories, each with its unique style, are complementary to each other.