合浦珠母贝不同地理种群的形态差异和判别分析

Morphological variations and discriminant analysis on four populations of Pinctada fucata

运用多变量形态度量学方法,采用9个形态特征对来自广西(GX)、雷州(LZ)、三亚(SY)和越南(YN)4个不同地理群体的合浦珠母贝的形态差异进行研究。主成分分析结果显示,第一主成分主要受7个性状的影响,贡献率为55.577%;第二主成分主要受1个性状的影响,贡献率为14.475%;第三主成分受1个性状的影响,贡献率为10.545%。主成分分析和聚类分析表明,LZ群体和YN群体形态相近,SY群体趋异程度最大。建立了GX、LZ、YN和SY4个种群的判别函数,判别准确率分别为50%、58%、60%和60%,总判别准确率为57.0%。合浦珠母贝4个种群的形态学差异是遗传和环境共同作用的结果,可为良种选育的亲本选择提供参考依据。

Based on 9 morphological characters, morphological variations of four populations （Guangxi, GX; Leizhou, LZ; Yuenan, YN; Sanya, SY） of pearl oysters Pinctadafucata were investigated using multivariate morphometrics. As the result of principal component analysis （PCA）, three principal components were constructed by factor loadings, in which the first principal component （PC） was affected by 7 characters, PC2 and PC3 each by 1 character. The contribution ratios of three PCs were 55.577%, 14.475% and 10.545%, respectively. The results of PCA and cluster analysis revealed that the morphological characters of LZ and YN populations were similar and much more different from SY population. The discriminant functions of four Pfucata populations were established, and the discriminant accuracy was 50%, 58%, 60%, 60% for GX, LZ, YN and SY, respectively, with the average discriminant accuracy being 57%. The morphological variation of P.fucata was a result of the joint effect of genetic components and environment, so it could be a reference for broodstock selection in genetic improvement.