朱熹对命的思考

Zhu xi's Thinking of Destiny

命是中国思想史上一个重要范畴,朱熹论命有天命、性命之义,由此引出命的两个维度,即从理与气、所禀与所值讨论命,赋予命以丰富的内涵。其中尤其重修德行仁,这是从道德层面谈命。天命在我,强调主体对命的把握,这是以积极的态度对待命。他对命持一种积极向上的态度,表现为提出知命、致命、改命,并在实际生活中践履它。

Destiny is an important category in Chinese thought. The theory of Zhu Xi＇s destiny includes two meanings, the God＇s will and the life. In the life there are two dimensions, that is, from the philoso- phy and the spirit, the obtained and the value, giving life with rich connotation. Zhu xi attaches great im- portance to the cultivation of morality and practice righteousness. Zhu xi thinks mandate of heaven is con- trolled by oneself, which is a positive attitude to standby. He holds a positive attitude on destiny, to put forward mandate, deadly, changed life, and practises it in real life.