以行动追求安全——论杜威对传统哲学的批判及改造

Take Action to Pursue Security——The Criticism and Transformation to Traditional Philosophy of Dewey

传统哲学注重通过绝对确定性的寻求来获得安全。但杜威认为,这种寻求安全的方法非但不能真正获得安全,反而导致哲学最终陷入困境。要走出困境,必须进行哲学的改造,要以通过行动的手段追求安全的方法代替通过理性的手段去寻求绝对确定性的方法。这种行动哲学的主张蕴含着重大的哲学变革意义,并得到了热烈的当代回响。但单靠以行动追求安全,并不能真正完成改造哲学、以走出传统哲学困境的全部任务。

The traditional philosophy laid emphasis on seeking absolute certainty to obtain security. However, Dewey argued that we not only can＇t really get the safety by this kind of method but make philosophy on the horns of a dilemma. To walk out of predicament, philosophical reform must be carried out by means of taking action to pursue safe methods instead of by rational means to seek absolute certainty. The opinion Dewey argued contains momentous significance of philosophical revolution, which obtains contemporary resonance. But Dewey had just finished half of philosophical reform tasks actually.