矿区高精度GPS地表变形监测体系

High-precision surface deformation monitoring system with GPS in mining area

文章针对地表起伏较大或沟壑林立的矿区,引入GPS技术,建立了GPS矿区地表变形监测体系,结合具体的矿山生产案例,给出了该体系的基本技术流程及其数据结果,验证了采用GPS技术进行矿区高精度地表变形监测的可行性;建立了高精度三维变形监测基准网和区域似大地水准面模型,为矿区高精度正常高的快速获取以及多源变形数据的融合提供了有效的技术支持;以矿区地表变形规律的获取和高精度井塔实时动态监测为应用案例,说明了该监测体系的有效性。

In view of the variability of mine surfaces, global positioning system（GPS） technique is employed to establish the dynamic deformation monitoring system in mine area. Based on the productive practice in two coal mines, basic procedures of the system and detailed process of data processing are presented in order to verify the possibility of high-precision subsidence monitoring in mining area with GPS. High-precision 3D GPS control network and quasi-geoid model are constructed to offer the technical support for quickly acquiring the high-precision normal height and integrating the multi-source deformation data in mining area. Based on the deformation data measured by GPS, the surface movement and displacement law, surface movement parameters and shaft tower deformation can be obtained, showing the effectiveness of the monitoring system.