旅游活动对龙宫景区不同植被层物种多样性的影响

The impact of tourist activity on species diversity in different vegetable layers in the Dragon Palace scenic spot

按照旅游活动程度的强弱将景区分为活动区、缓冲区和对照区,并利用6个物种多样性指数,研究了龙宫风景区旅游活动对不同植被层物种多样性的影响。结果表明,随着游客的大量增多及龙宫风景区基础设施建设的加强,风景区物种组成越来越少,多样性与结构越来越简单。主要表现在:(1)乔木层的丰富度上,表现出缓冲区最大,活动区最小,对照区介于两者之间;在物种均匀度上,表现出活动区>对照区>缓冲区的趋势;在物种多样性上,活动区最小,缓冲区其次,对照区最大;从生态优势度来看,对照区最大,活动区最小,缓冲区介于其中。(2)灌木层的物种丰富度上,表现出活动区最小,对照区其次,而缓冲区为最大的趋势;在物种均匀度上,对照区最大,活动区次之,缓冲区最小;在物种多样性上,活动区最小,缓冲区其次,对照区最大;从生态优势度来看,对照区最大,活动区最小,缓冲区介于其中。(3)草本层的物种丰富度上,表现出对照区最小,活动区其次,而缓冲区为最大的趋势;在物种均匀度上,对照区最小,活动区次之,缓冲区最大;在物种多样性上,对照区最小,缓冲区最大,活动区介于其中;从生态优势度来看,呈现出缓冲区>活动区>对照区的趋势。

The scenic spot is divided into active zone（AZ）, buffer zone（BZ） and contrast zone（CZ） according to the tourist active level in this paper. The impacts of tourism activities on species diversity in different vegetable layers in Dragon Palace scenic spot are analyzed in light of 6 indexes of species diversity. Along with the increasing of tourist number and the strengthening of infrastructure construction in the scenic area, plant species get less and less, diversity decrease and structure become simpler. And it mainly present that： 1） in the arborous layer, species richness is the maximum in BZ and the minimum in AZ, while the species evenness is the maximum in AZ and the minimum in BZ, and species diversity is maximum in CZ and minimum in AZ, the degree of ecological dominance is the maximum in CZ and the minimum in AZ; 2） in the shrub layer, species richness is the maximum in BZ and the minimum in AZ, while the species evenness is the maximum in CZ and the minimum in BZ, and species diversity is maximum in CZ and minimum in AZ, the degree of ecological dominance is the maximum in CZ and minimum in AZ; 3）in the glass layer, species richness is the maximum in BZ and the minimum in CZ, while the species evenness is the maximum in BZ and the minimum in CZ, and species diversity is maximum in BZ and minimum in CZ, the degree of ecological dominance is the maximum in BZ and the minimum in CZ.