节目主持人话语实质特征解析——基于巴赫金话语理论与符号学原理

The Essence of the Hosts’ Language: Based on M.M. Bakhtin’s Discourse Theory and Semiotics

巴赫金话语理论是具有创新性的实践话语理论,符号学是语言研究最根本的理论依据,以这两种理论作为研究依据,探寻节目主持人语言的实质特征,可以发现:节目主持人话语实质具备对话性和意见信息表达性,节目主持人与受众不是信息发出者与接收者的单项传播关系,而是一种对话关系,且处于超时空对话状态。任何表述或话语都不可能是中性的或中立的,节目主持人话语表达实质上是意见的传播。传播身份决定主持人在传播事实性信息时,需要最大化减少个人意见,在传达媒介和主持人观点时,需阐发独特有效的意见信息。意见表达效果与含蓄意指有直接关系。

M.M. Bakhtin’s theory is creative and practical. Semiotics is the basic theory of language. This research tries to achieve two points of the essence of hosts’ language based on these two theories. The research shows two characteristics. The first one is dialog. The relationship between hosts and audiences is not the information sender and receiver, but talkers. Their talk is in a type of special environment. The second point is the expression of opinion. As any expression cannot be subjective, the hosts try to limit their opinions when they present the facts, but try to show effective opinions when they are in need. Connotation is important for the expression of opinions.