航天典型结构件数控加工高效装夹技术研究

Research on Fixture Technology of NC Machining of Aerospace Typical Component

针对复杂、细长、薄壁航天产品装夹次数多、装夹繁琐、效率低下等问题,设计了基于气动原理的快速装夹系统。该系统包括夹紧力理论计算、气路设计、夹紧机械工装和控制系统设计。通过夹紧力理论计算,确定了气缸数量。基于并行设计原理设计了夹紧气路。采用组合夹具式思路设计了夹紧工装。基于DSP技术,实现了控制系统设计。采用该系统对某典型结构件进行了数控加工,零件加工质量和尺寸精度满足设计图样要求。研究结果表明,设计的装夹系统可以高效、可靠地实现零件装夹。

A rapid fixture system based on aerodynamic principle was designed due to the problem of complex,inefficient fixture of thin-walled aerospace products,which includes theoretical calculation of fixture force,design of gas path,design of mechanical equipment,and design of control system.Gas quantity was gained through theoretical calculation.Gas path of clamping was designed based on parallel principle.A fixture was obtained adopting modular method.A control system was also designed based on DSP.A typical component was processed,and the quality and precision met demands of drawing.The research results show that a reliable,and efficient fixture way is realized by the designed fixture.