羞惭与怨恨——从唐代落第文学看落第举子的双重心态

Shame and Resentment: the Dual Mentalities of Unsuccessful Imperial Examination Candidates of Tang Dynasty

通过研究唐代落第文学发现,落第举子应考落地后,一方面表现为因科考失败而羞愧难当,羞于见亲人、朋友、资助自己应考的恩人甚至是不相识的陌生人,这种羞愧之情在文学创作中表露无遗;另一方面表现为对朝廷及自己的怨恨。科举取士程序的不完善,无人举荐的无奈都滋生了落第举子内心的怨恨情绪。

Most candidates failed in the imperial examination in Tang dynasty though they were keen on it. However, the mentalities of unsuccessful imperial examination candidates were seldom recorded in the documentary sources, but they themselves created lots of literary works which tell people how they felt and what they did.