高分辨率详普查结合型遥感成像技术

High-resolution Imaging Technique Combining Capabilities of Coarse and Fine Reconnaissance

首先介绍了详普查相结合的空间光学观测技术在空间观测领域的重要应用,总结了详普查空间光学观测的实现方法和发展现状。分析了变形镜变焦的理论设计思路,提出了采用变形镜结合光学杠杆作用实现无运动部件变焦光学系统的设计方案,设计了一个变焦比为4的大视场四反射变焦光学系统。通过视场离轴消除了中心遮拦,其中第三镜为变形镜;通过控制其曲率的变化来实现系统焦距从625mm到2.5m的变换;为了分担变形镜所承担的光焦度,采用了分离主镜的光学设计方案,最终光学系统的成像性能达到衍射极限。同时,研制了缩比系统进行了关键技术原理性试验验证,并成功实现了基于无运动部件的4倍变倍成像效果。该技术的研究对于在未来构建新型的高分辨率详普查结合型有效载荷有一定借鉴作用。

The important applications of space optical observation technologies based on the general and detailed investigation imaging are first introduced, and the internal and overseas optical observation methods and current status of development are summarized. Then, the design theory for zoom optical systems using deformed mirrors （DM） is introduced, and a zoom optical system design method based on DMs without any mechanical moving parts is put forward. Finally, a four-mirror reflective zoom optical system with large field-of-view （FOV） is designed, with the zoom ratio 4. The central obscuration is eliminated by making the FOV non-coaxial. The third mirror is DM, the curvature of which is controlled to make the focal length change from 2.5m to 10m. The separate primary mirrors for the different focal positions are used in order to reduce the optical-power changing range of DM. The performance of the final optical system is diffraction limited. At the same time, the experiments have been carried out and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the deformable mirror based on optical zooming without moving elements involved.