早期微量喂养降低早产儿喂养不耐受的临床观察

Clinical observation on early minimal feeding's lowering feeding intolerance of premature infant

目的探讨早期微量喂养对减少早产儿喂养不耐受的效果。方法选择我院新生儿科2009年4月—2012年4月收治的早产儿作为研究对象,将2011年4月前收治的早产儿作为对照组,2011年4月后收治的早产儿作为观察组。对照组于生后常规禁食24 h,24 h出现肠呜音或排胎便后常规喂早产儿配方奶,观察组于生后3 h^24 h开始早期微量喂养。观察2组患儿喂养不耐受发生比例、达全量肠内营养时间、恢复出生体重时间、拔胃管时间以及住院天数。结果观察组喂养不耐受发生率明显低于对照组,恢复出生体重时间及达全量肠内营养时间明显短于对照组(P<0.01);拔胃管时间和住院时间亦短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论早期微量喂养能促进早产儿胃肠成熟,缩短恢复出生体重和达全量肠内营养的时间,减少喂养不耐受的发生。

Objective this article probes into the effectiveness of early minimal feeding on lowering feeding intolerance of premature infants.Methods this article selects premature infants received by the hospital from April 2009 to April 2012 and divides these premature infants into control group with infants received before April 2011 and observation group with infants received after April 2011.The premature infants in the control group were received fasting for 24h after birth and shown bowel sound,or were fed premature infant formula milk powder after defecating,while the premature infants in the observation group received early minimal feeding 3 to 4h after birth.Then the researcher observes the intolerance occurrence proportion,time to achieve full enteral nutrition,the time to regain birth weight,the time of pulling stomach tube and length of hospital stay of the two groups of premature infants.Results The feeding intolerance occurrence of the observation group is significantly lower than that of the control group,the time to regain birth weight and achieve full enteral nutrition of the observation group are significantly shorter than that of the control group（P〈0.01）;the time of pulling stomach tube and length of hospital stay of the observation group are shorter than that of the control group（P〈0.05）.Conclusion early minimal feeding is help for gastrointestinal development,shortening the time to regain birth weight and the time to achieve full enteral nutrition and reducing feeding intolerance occurrence.