英汉心理动词的对比分析

A Contrastive Analysis of Psychological Verbs in English and Chinese

英汉心理动词的对比分析显示,英汉心理状态动词和英汉心理使役动词的基本句式分别为:S(感受者)+V(心理状态)+O(客体),S(使役者)+V(心理使役)+O(感受者)。汉语心理动词句式还包括"把"字句、"对"字句和兼语句式S(感受者)+V(心理状态)+O(有生客体)+V。英语心理使役表达主要通过词汇手段来实现,而汉语中多用兼语式的使役结构。英汉心理动词的主语选择由心理动词的语义成分、论元结构和人类视角所决定。

A comparative analysis of psychological verbs between English and Chinese shows that basic sen-tence patterns of psychological verbs are respectively S （sensor） ＋V （state）＋O （object）, S （causer）＋V （causing）＋0 （sensor）. Chinese patterns also include the pattern of ha, dui and S （sensor）＋V （state）＋O （animate object）＋V. The psychological causing sense in English is expressed by the lexical device while it is expressed by the S＋V＋O＋V pat-tern in Chinese. The choice of subjects depends on the semantic structures of psychological verbs, argument struc- ture and human cognitive perspective.