不同施肥对雷竹林径流及渗漏养分流失规律的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization on Runoff and Seepage Loss of Nutrient Under Phyllostachy praecox Stands

为探明减量施肥和有机肥的施用对雷竹氮、磷流失的影响,在浙江省临安市雷竹产区,设置对照(CK)、常规施肥(CF)、减量无机施肥(DI)和减量有机无机施肥(DOI)4个施肥处理。通过建立径流场和土壤渗漏水收集装置,研究不同施肥雷竹林的氮、磷流失规律。结果表明,施肥后采集的水样中氮、磷浓度都有所提升,随着时间的推移而有所下降;不同施肥雷竹林径流水中,总氮、总磷浓度分别为5.61～10.22mg/L和0.99～1.93mg/L,总氮平均浓度为CF>DOI>DI>CK,总磷平均浓度为DOI>DI>CF>CK;渗漏水中氮、磷浓度分别为32.23～111.54mg/L和1.05～5.06mg/L,氮平均浓度为CF>DI>DOI>CK,磷平均浓度为DI>CF>DOI>CK。渗漏小区中,DI和DOI处理氮流失量相对于CF处理分别减少了58.35,158.96kg/hm2,即19.14%,52.13%;磷流失量分别减少了22.53%和59.66%;径流小区中,DI和DOI处理全氮流失量相对于CF处理分别减少了2.11,1.04kg/hm2,即46.85%,23.12%,DOI处理全磷的流失量相对于CF处理增加了0.28kg/hm2。

In order to clarify the effects of reducing the fertilizer or applying organic fertilizer on nutrient loss under Phyllostachy praecox stands,four treatments including unfertilized control（CK）,conventional fertilizer（CF）,decreased inorganic fertilizer（DI） and decreased organic inorganic fertilizer（DOI） were set in Lin’an of Zhejiang province,runoff field and collection device of soil leaching water were used.The results showed that the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were increased with time after applied three fertilizations.The concentrations of TN and TP lied between 5.61 mg/L to 10.22 mg/L and 0.99 mg/L to 1.93 mg/L in the runoff water,respectively.Average concentrations of TN and TP were in sequence of CF DOI DI CK and DOI DI CF CK in runoff water,respectively.The concentrations of TN and TP lied between 32.23 mg/L to 111.54 mg/L and 1.05 mg/L to 5.06 mg/L in the seepage water,respectively.Average concentrations of TN and TP were in sequence of CF DI DOI CK and DI CF DOI CK,respectively.In the seepage plot,compared with CF,the loss amount of N decreased by 58.35 kg/hm2 and 158.96 kg/hm2（19.14%,52.13%） and that of P reduced by 22.53% and 59.66% in DI and DOI treatments,respectively.In the runoff plot,compared with CF,the loss amount of TN decreased by 2.11 kg/hm2 and 1.04 kg/hm2（46.85%,23.12%） in DI and DOI treatments,while that of TP increased by 0.28 kg/hm2 in DOI treatment.