漠河-大庆输油管道工程对沿线地区土壤养分的影响

Effects of Mohe-Daqing Oil Pipeline Project on Soil Nutrient in the Areas Along the Line

为探讨漠河-大庆输油管道工程建设对沿线土壤养分的影响特征,在沿管线的19个代表性样段进行土样采集,对比分析作业带和非作业带的土壤养分状况。结果表明:管线建设对土壤肥力产生了显著影响,但其影响程度因肥力指标(土壤pH、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、速效氮、速效磷和速效钾)和土层(表层0-20cm和底层20-40cm)而异。管线建设显著提高了土壤pH值(P<0.05),导致土壤出现偏碱化的趋势。作业带土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮和全磷含量显著低于非作业带(P<0.05),说明施工导致其含量降低。作业带土壤表层全钾含量显著高于非作业带(P<0.05),底层无显著差异,说明施工对土壤全钾含量造成一定的影响。作业带和非作业带表底层土壤速效磷和速效钾含量虽有差异但总体上不显著(P>0.05),说明施工对其含量影响有限。这些结果说明管线建设过程中"分层开挖、分层堆放、分层回填"的重要性,也为指导管线建设和植被恢复提供数据基础和理论依据。

In the section of Mohe-Daqing along the oil pipeline project,19 soil samples were taken from representative spots both in operational region and non-operational region to evaluate the effects of pipeline construction on soil nutrient.The indexes of soil nutrient were measured including soil pH,organic matter,total N,total P,total K,available N,available P,and available K.Two soil layers,0-20 cm named topsoil and 20-40 cm named subsoil,were separated to take samples.The results showed that soil nutrient was significantly affected by pipeline construction,but the degree of the effect depended on nutrient indexes and soil layers.Pipeline construction dramatically increased pH values（P0.05） which led to soil partial alkalization trend.Compared with non-operational region,the contents of soil organic matter,total N,available N and total P of the operational region were significantly lower（P0.05）,which indicated that construction resulted in a decline in their contents.Total K content of topsoil in operational region was significantly higher than that of topsoil in non-operational region（P0.05）,while the corresponding content of subsoil had no marked differences,indicating that construction made the total K content change.Although the available P and available K contents of topsoil and subsoil were different between two samples regions,no significant differences were observed overall,which suggested that construction resulted in limited influence on contents of available P and available K（P0.05）.This study emphasized the importance of taking the ＂stratified excavation,layered stacking and layered backfill＂ into account in pipeline construction and provided a data base and theoretical guidance for pipeline construction and vegetation restoration.