粉煤灰和PAM改良沙土物理性质田间试验

An Field Trial of Polyacrylamide and Fly Ash for Modifying Physical Properties of Sandy Soil

采用粉煤灰和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)混合施用改善沙土的水分环境和物理化学性质,为植物生长提供良好的条件,同时研究PAM在粉煤灰混合沙土的复杂环境下,能否增强粉煤灰改良沙土的效果。试验于2011年在内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市达拉特旗万通现代农业科技园进行,试验粉煤灰使用量为0%,5%,10%,15%(质量比),PAM的使用量为0,60,120mg/kg。结果表明,粉煤灰质量比为10%,同时使用120mg/kg PAM时,能够提高土壤田间持水量18%,减小土壤饱和导水率26%,同时增加土壤有效水含量。粉煤灰和PAM混合使用于沙土会引起土壤有害元素含量升高,使用15%粉煤灰时土壤重金属含量仍符合国家标准。从而避免了使用过高比例粉煤灰而对土壤环境造成的潜在影响。

The objective of this study was to eliminate those disadvantages of sandy soil and to create a better soil environment for plant growth through using fly ash and polyacrylamide（PAM） as a soil amendment.The changed effects of PAM in complex chemical surroundings that caused by fly ash were tested at the same time.The investigation of the effects of PAM and fly ash on sandy soil amelioration was conducted at Erdos Agricultural Science and Technology Park of Inner Mongolia in 2011.Orthogonal experiment was designed with fly ash application rates at 0%,5%,10% and 15%（weigh percent of sandy soil） and PAM application rates at 0,60,120 mg/kg.The results showed that the field water capacity and soil saturated hydraulic conductivity of 10% fly ash and 120 mg/kg PAM treatment were increased by 18% and decreased by 26%,respectively,resulted in much more available water than that of the control.Heavy metal contents were elevated by mixed use of fly ash and PAM.Nevertheless,they were within the upper limits of the national soil environment standard when application rate of the fly ash was at 15%.Much more effective improvements on sandy soil properties by adding PAM into fly ash-amended treatment were observed.Therefore,PAM could control the potential environmental pollution resulted from the over utilization of fly ash in sandy soil.