基于ICP-AES技术施钾量对高产夏玉米伤流液特性的影响

Effects of K Fertilization on Characteristic of Bleeding Sap in Summer Maize Under High Yield Conditions by ICP-AES Technology

选用登海661(DH661)和郑单958(ZD958)为试验材料,设置6个施钾水平,研究高产条件下施钾量对夏玉米伤流量和产量的影响,并利用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定伤流液养分浓度。结果表明:伤流液的强度随着施钾量的提高表现为先增加后减小,开花前促进作用大,施钾180kg/hm2时吐丝期DH661和ZD958最高,分别比对照提高24.30%和29.68%。施用钾肥后,促进了花前对钾、钙离子的吸收比例,降低了对锌、铜离子的吸收。开花后,根系伤流显著减少,同时离子浓度降低。施钾肥可以显著提高玉米产量,随施钾量的增加,籽粒产量呈先增高后降低的趋势,DH661和ZD958分别在施钾180,240kg/hm2时产量达到最高。

The effects of potassium（K） application rates on grain yield and bleeding sap under high yield conditions were studied in fields.Two cultivars of summer maize（Zea mays L.）（Denghai 661（DH661） and Zhengdan 958（ZD958）） were selected as experimental materials and ICP-AES technology was used to determine nutrient concentration.The results showed that the bleeding sap intensity initially increased,and then gradually decreased with increasing K application rate.The prornotion of K fertilization was high befone flowering stage.The bleeding sap intensity of two cultivars reached their highest values at the fertilizer level of 180 kg/hm2 in silking time and increased by 14.30% and 29.68% respectively compared with the control.Applied K fertilizer could promote absorption ratio of potassium and calcium,while the concentration of zinc and copper decreased before flowering.After flowering,the sap flow was significantly decreased,and the concentrations of the ions were reduced.Applied K fertilizer could significantly increase the maize yield.Grain yield first increased,and then decreased with increasing the fertilizer level of K.Maize yields of Denghai 661（DH661） and Zhengdan 958（ZD958） reached the highest values at the fertilizer level of 180 kg/hm2 and 240 kg/hm2 respectively.