蚯蚓作用下土壤化学组成和性状的动态变化

Dynamic Variation of Soil Chemical Compositions and Properties Under the Action of Earthworms

通过室内培养试验研究赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)和威廉环毛蚓(Metaphire guillelmi)对土壤化学组成和性状的动态影响。结果表明:接种蚯蚓可显著提高土壤pH和电导率;蚯蚓作用49d后土壤化学组成也发生明显变化,接种赤子爱胜蚓和威廉环毛蚓处理的土壤碳水化合物含量分别比对照增加43.22,44.76mg/kg,酸解氨基酸含量分别增加15.34,12.52g/kg,植物激素GA3含量分别增加11.21,13.68mg/kg,IAA含量分别增加8.99,8.81mg/kg,而多酚含量却显著降低了7.79,7.48mg/kg。不同处理土壤化学组成和性状随时间变化趋势各有不同,2种蚯蚓作用下,土壤pH和碳水化合物含量均在前7d急剧增加,之后变化趋于平缓;而土壤多酚含量在前7d显著降低,此后也趋于平缓;土壤植物激素GA3含量在前35d持续增加,而后无显著变化;土壤植物激素IAA、电导率和氨基酸含量随培养时间增加而持续增长,直至培养结束(49d)。

The dynamic variation of soil chemical compositions and properties under two types of earthworms（Eisenia foetida and Metaphire guillelmi） were investigated by a laboratory test.Results were as follows： Compared with control,a significant increase in pH and electrical conductivity of soil was observed in treatments with both kinds of earthworms,and chemical compositions were altered 49 days later.Under Eisenia foetida and Metaphire guillelmi activities,43.22,44.76 mg/kg carbohydrates were observed respectively,amino acids within the acid solution of soil was higher 15.34,12.52 g/kg respectively than control,plant hormone GA3 was increased by 11.21,13.68 mg/kg,IAA was increased by 8.99,8.81 mg/kg respectively,while polyphenol content was decreased by 7.79,7.48 mg/kg.Dynamic variations of soil chemical compositions and properties under different treatments were changed with the change of time.Affected by two species of earthworm,soil pH and carbohydrate content were increased rapidly in the first 7 days,and then changed slightly,polyphenol content in soil was decreased quickly in the first 7 days,and fluctuated around that until the end of training,plant hormone GA3 of soil was increased stability in the first 35 days after adding the worms,and was not obvious after that,plant hormone IAA,electrical conductivity and content of amino acid in soil had sustainable growth until the end of experiment（49 days）.