美国学前教育发展中联邦和州政府的责任分化

The Vertical Differentiation of the United States Federal and State Governments' Responsibilities in America's Early Childhood Education

在近年来的美国学前教育发展中,州政府逐渐承担更多积极、直接的责任,成为学前教育服务的主要提供者和实际执行者,而联邦政府则将力量更多地集中于间接作用的发挥,如确立政策导向、维护教育体系统一性和均衡性、提升教育质量。两级政府客观上的责任分化、角色和工作重点的有效分工,促进了美国学前教育事业的发展。

In the development of America＇s early childhood education ,local governments are taking more active and direct responsibilities in recent years and are becoming the major service provider. In the mean time,the federal government moderately lessens its direct responsibilities and focuses on pivotal indirect ones. The federal government is becoming the coordinator of the unity of the education system and the prompter of the educational qualities. This vertical differentiation of governments＂ responsibilities,roles and focus of working has effectively promoted the development of America＇s early childhood education.