某日调节水电站下泄排水对下游河道内齐口裂腹鱼栖息地的影响

Influence of Discharge Flow of Daily Regulating Hydropower Station on Habitat of Schizothoraxprenanti in Downstream River Channel

针对西南山区某日调节水库坝后电站下泄排水(非恒定流)变化将影响下游河道内齐口裂腹鱼栖息地的问题,构建了一维明渠恒定非均匀渐变流及一维明渠非恒定流计算模型,就不同的日调度过程模拟了非恒定流对下游齐口裂腹鱼栖息地的影响范围及影响程度。结果表明,产卵场受非恒定流影响水位变幅较大,越冬场受非恒定流影响流速变幅较大,尤其是产卵场河道水位骤升骤降时将影响成鱼产卵及鱼卵的成活率,因此需采取必要措施以确保成鱼正常产卵及鱼卵的存活。

Aiming at the problem that the variation discharge flow of a daily regulating hydropower station located in the southwest area has impact on the habitat of schizothoraxprenanti in downstream river channel, a calculation model of one-dimensional open channel non uniform gradient flow and unsteady flow is established. And then the influence range and extent on habitat of schizothoraxprenanti in downstream river channel is simulated under different daily regulating process. The results show that the influence of water level variation on the spawning ground is larger; the influence of flow velocity variation on the wintering grounds is larger; especially when water level surges and sags, it has impact on fish spawning and survival rate of fish eggs. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to ensure the fish spawning and the survival of fish eggs.