不同类型农户对宅基地退出的响应——以重庆梁平县为例

REACTION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS ON THE RURAL RESIDENTIAL LAND QUITTANCE POLICY——BASED ON THE SURVEY FROM LIANGPING COUNTY

利用重庆市梁平县农户的调查数据,运用Logistic模型,探讨了户籍制度改革下不同类型农户宅基地退出意愿及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)在现有退地补偿政策下农户意愿普遍偏低,不同类型农户退地意愿存在一定的差异性;(2)影响纯农户宅基地退出的因素有户主年龄、家庭拥有的房屋数量、对政策的支持度和退地收益;影响Ⅰ兼业户宅基地退出的因素有家庭宅基地面积大小、对政策的支持度和退地收益;影响Ⅱ兼业户宅基地退出的因素有家庭小孩数、对政策的支持度和退地收益;影响非农户宅基地退出的因素有户主年龄、户主文化程度、家庭人口数、宅基地面积和退地收益;其中,退地收益是影响各类农户退地决策最显著的因素,对政策的支持度是农户退地决策影响力最大的因素。研究认为,影响各类农户退地决策的因素存在差异,其核心问题还在于退地政策。政府应根据不同类型农户的特征完善目前的农村宅基地退出政策,这有助于提高农户的参与意愿,顺利推进户籍制度和农村土地制度的改革。

This study explored behaviors and decision-making factors of different types of rural household on rural residential land quittance Using the survey data in the area of Liangping County and Logistic model. The results were as follows. （1）The general willingness to the rural residential land quittance of farmers was low,and there were some differences among different households types. （2）Full-farm households quitted the rural residential land or not was affected by peasant＇s age,numbers of their houses,peasant＇s supporting degree, benefit from qittance; type Ⅰ households were affected by the square of residential land, peasant＇s supporting degree, benefit from qittance; type Ⅱhouseholds were affected by numbers of children,peasant＇s supporting degree, benefit from qittance; off-farm households were affected by peasant＇s age,education degree, numbers of the family, the square of residential land, benefit from qittance. Benefit from qittance was the most remarkable factor,while peasant＇s supporting degree was the most significant factor which impacted on the response of householders to quit the rural residential land. It is concluded that the factors that impact on the response of different types to quittance decision-making are different. The essence of the problem is the quittance policy support. The present quittance policy should be perfect by the government according to characters and profit need of different rural household types for the steady implementation household syetem and rural land quittance reform.