我国上市银行经营绩效的实证研究

Empirical Research on the Management Performance of China's Listed Banks

目前,我国有16家上市银行,其各项经营指标占银行总量的八成以上并呈现出较快增长的态势,在经济增长回升缓慢的背景下,提高经营绩效是商业银行增强综合竞争力的重要任务。经营绩效受多种因素的影响,可通过盈利性、安全性、流动性及成长性指标来衡量。根据16家上市银行的财务数据,运用因子分析法,对影响上市银行经营绩效的诸多变量进行实证分析发现,国有控股商业银行在资产盈利性水平和资产流动性水平上有良好的绩效表现,但在成长性和安全性方面存在不足,需要提高收入增长率和净利润增长率,降低不良贷款率;股份制商业银行成长能力强劲,但流动性和盈利性较低,有待于提高资产质量,进行业务创新,提升中间收入水平。

Recent years witness the rapid development of the sixteen listed banks in China, whose financial data almost account for over eighty percent of the whole level of banking industry. Faced with the adverse situation for economic growth currently,it is a vital task for China＇s listed banks to improve management performance. There are mainly four indicators used to measure the bank＇s management performance inclu- ding profitability, safety, liquidity and growth though it is influenced by many factors. Based on the finan- cial data of sixteen listed banks in China in 2011 ,this dissertation analyzes the variables influencing these banks~ management performance empirically with Factor Analysis Method. It turns out that the state- owned commercial banks have a good performance in profitability and liquidity of asset. However,the defi- ciency in growth and safety reveals the necessity to boost the growth rate of net income and reduce the non- performing loan ratio. Compared with that ,joint-stock banks show strong growth ability but poor liquidity and profitability, which requires the banks to improve the asset quality and raise income from intermediate business.